Incidencia de sistemas agroforestales con Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A.Juss.) Müll.Arg. sobre propiedades físicas de suelos de lomerío en el departamento de Caquetá, Colombia

Abstract

Between April and July 2010, the effects of different agroforestry systems with rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell) on the physical properties of soil in hilly area in the municipalities of Belén de los Andaquíes, Florencia and El Doncello (Department of Caquetá, Colombia) were evaluated. H. brasiliensis Muell as monoculture and associated with fruit trees (SAF) and secondary vegetation (SAR) were compared against secondary forest (Bs) and native pasture (PNA). A completely randomized two-factor design was arranged with five treatments (SAF, SAR, Mhe, Bs, and PNA) and two horizons (H-A, H-B). Relationships between physical variables between treatments were explored by using a principal component analysis, and the effect of agroforestry arrangements was assessed with a test of Monte Carlo. Compaction, real density and gravimetric moisture were similar (P> 0.05) in H-A of Pna and Mhe. A positive significant effect (P <0.05) of H. brasiliensis Muell in bulk density, soil compaction and total porosity in H-A of SAF and SAR systems compared with the same properties in Bs was found. In general, the incidence of agroforestry arrangements modifying soil physical variables in the Amazon piedmont was observed.