Machining Dynamics in Turning Processes

Abstract

The dynamic stability of a machine tool in the turning process depends essentially on the compliance of the lathe turning structure, as well as on the properties of the cutting process [1]. However, the design of the machine tool, the material(s) employed for its manufacture and their mechanical properties are extremely important for the dynamic behaviour of the machining system (comprising the entire lathe and the work material) [1-13]. Theoretical details of dynamic stability and how to quantify, measure and monitor them as well as other phenomena such as chatter (self-excited vibration) and forced vibration have been covered in previous chapters. This chapter will, therefore, focus on the illustration and the discussion of practical details regarding the turning process. The influence of the input on the output parameters will be evaluated with regards to the dynamic stability in a turning process. The main input parameters affecting the machining system vibration are: work material, work material geometry, tool material, tool geometry, lathe rigidity, cutting conditions (cutting speed, vc, feed rate, f and depth of cut, doc) and tool wear. The behaviour of the machining system during vibration is a major output parameter.