Participation restriction in cancer survivors: A cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of occupational gap questionnaire

Abstract

Cancer survivors have unmet needs of preexisting functional limitations but there is very limited knowledge of the participation in daily occupation. The study aimed to translate and cross culturally-adapt, of the Occupational gap Questionnaire (OGQ) which measures restriction in daily life into Malay language. Second aimed is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Malay version of OGQ on 33 cancer survivors aged from 18 to 70 years old attending a community program between February to April 2014. A cross-sectional study and non-random sampling was conducted in two phases: 1) Translation and Cross-cultural adaptation that involved backward and forward translation of OGQ from English into Malay, and process of face and content validation that involved a several pre and post-test. 2) Construct validation and further validated of a Reflective Measurement Model of OGQ-M using Partial Least Square –Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis. A five point Likert scale of (1:‘Very minimal participation’ to 5:‘Very High participation) was added and some items were simplified and modified. The result showed good content validity index (CVI) value of 0.8 for new tool. Intra-correlation coefficients (ICC) for all subscales was good in IADL (0.72 – 0.96);Leisure (0.44 - 1.00); Social (0.78 – 1.00) and Work (0.76 -0.78). Further purifying of 30 reflective OGQM’s items resulted in 19 items, due to the low loading of 11 items from the recommended value of 0.4.Adequate reliability, convergent and discriminant validity were established. The OGQ-M is psychometrically sound, culturally sensitive and user friendly. Therefore, the final OGQ-M can be used for measuring participation restrictions in daily life occupation among Malaysian cancer survivors, and helps enhance occupational therapy intervention for better quality of life.