Embriogênese somática em antúrio (Anthurium andraenum cv. Eidibel) afetada por diferentes explantes

Abstract

This study establishes a protocol for the induction of somatic embryogenesis in Anthurium andraeanum cv. Eidibel. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized 5 × 5 × 5 factorial design using five explant types (whole leaves, half leaves; petiole; nodal segments and root segments) from in vitro plantlets; five auxins: indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (Picloram); at five concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 μM), with five replications using five Petri dishes. The cultures were maintained in a growth room at 25 ± 2°C in the dark. The explant type was investigated for the induction of somatic embryogenesis in anthurium cv. Eidibel, and nodal segments were shown to be the most suitable explant for this process. After 60 days in culture, the highest number of embryogenic calli was recorded for the nodal segments cultured in NAA (5, 7.5 and 10 μM), 2,4-D (10 μM) and Picloram (7.5 and 10 μM). The histological analysis confirmed the presence of embryos with established polarization, procambium, ground meristem and protoderm in the nodal segments cultured in Pierik medium containing 10 μM NAA. After the conversion of the somatic embryos into plantlets, these plantlets were acclimatized transferred to in vivo conditions and grown into normal plants.