Pseudo-haptics presentation for promoting historical understanding

Abstract

In learning history, it is important to promote historical thought, which involves understanding causal relationships among historical events and a chain of the relationships. This paper proposes a method to allow the learners to compose a causal map, in which historical events are represented as nodes, and the causal relationships are represented as links between the nodes. It can visualize the causal relationships and the causal chains. However, it is not necessarily easy to become aware of them during the map generation. The causal map proposed in this paper accordingly aims to allow the learners to become aware of not only the causal relationships between historical events but also the causal chains with pseudo-haptics on tablet media such as iPad. This paper also demonstrates a tablet tool on iPad, which helps learners compose a causal map from instructional text about history.