Evaluation of inhibitory activity of extracts of Apium gravelens, Coriandrum sativum and Cuminum cyminum against number of pathogenic bacteria

Abstract

Natural resources especially plants are useful bactericides for the control of bacterial infection .To evaluate the antibacterial potential of three types of plants, essential oils were extracted from the seeds of Apium gravelens, Coriandrum sativum and Cuminum cyminum  and assayed in vitro for antibacterial activity aganist  most prevalent pathogens  Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp.,Escherishia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa  at 37 º C and 25 ºC.The antimicrobial effect was assessed using agar diffusion method by applying ethanolic solutions of extracts using it in two different temperatures  37 ºC   and 25 ºC. The result shows that the extract of  Apium gravelens, Coriandrum sativum and Cuminum cyminum alcoholic extract at 25 ºC exhibited an inhibition zone on S. aureus in the concentration 200 mg/ml and had a exhibited significantly (p < 0.05) greater than that produced by gentamicine,also the extract of Apium gravelens at 25 ºC    in the concentration 100 mg/ml had a significant antibacterial activity on S. aureus, and the extract of  Apium gravelens alcoholic extract at 25 ºC  and 37 ºC  pronounced antibacterial activity against  Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the concentration 100 and 200 mg/ml respectively moreover the inhibition produced by gentamicine. While the antibacterial effect Apium gravelens and  Coriandrum sativum at 37 ºC  on S. aureus in the concentration 200 mg/ml show very similar effect with gentamicine. The antibacterial activity against Salmonella spp.and E. coli were moderate in action    It was found that the investigated extracts of Apium gravelens , Coriandrum sativum and Cuminum cyminum  were exhibited a considerable inhibitory effect against S. aureus and extracts of Apium gravelens and Coriandrum sativum against P. aerogene. The significant antibacterial activity appears promising.