Landau quantization and neutron emissions by nuclei in the crust of a magnetar

Abstract

Magnetars are neutron stars endowed with surface magnetic fields of the order of 1014 - 1015 G, and with presumably much stronger fields in their interior. As a result of Landau quantization of electron motion, the neutron-drip transition in the crust of a magnetar is shifted to either higher or lower densities depending on the magnetic field strength. The impact of nuclear uncertainties is explored considering the recent series of Brussels-Montreal microscopic nuclear mass models. All these models are based on the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov method with generalized Skyrme functionals. They differ in their predictions for the symmetry energy coefficient at saturation, and for the stiffness of the neutron-matter equation of state. For comparison, we have also considered the very accurate but more phenomenological model of Duflo and Zuker. Although the equilibrium composition of the crust of a magnetar and the onset of neutron emission are found to be model dependent, the quantum oscillations of the threshold density are essentially universal.