Antibacterial, antibiofilm, antioxidants and phytochemical profiling of Syzygium aromaticum extract

Abstract

Syzygium aromaticum (S. aromaticum) is a clove used traditionally for the treatment of several diseases. This work aimed to evaluate the biological activity and phytochemical profile of S. aromaticum extract. The S. aromaticum was extracted by petroleum ether and chemically characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (CG-MS). The antibacterial action of the S. aromaticum was tested against standard strain and three clinical isolates of viridans group streptococci previously isolated from dental caries. The MIC of S. aromaticum extract was ringing from 5. 53 to 12.5 mg\ml. In addition, S. aromaticum extract showed antibiofilm activity at 1 and l/2 MIC against streptococci species and has strong antioxidant properties. The major chemical constituent of S. aromaticum extract were eugenol (21.72%), phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-acetate (16.75%), espintanol (10.41%) and caryophyllene oxide (9.55%). S. aromaticum extract showed antibacterial action against viridans group streptococci strains, showing a promising natural alternative in clinical therapy.