Use of artificial intelligence for management and identification of complications in diabetes

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) can play an important role is in early diagnosis of complications, adherence to a healthy lifestyle and medication, real-time monitoring for optimal glycemic status and predictive prognostic model for the diabetic status of a patient. The early recognition and management of the complications (acute as well as chronic) in diabetes predict the quality of life (QoL) of a patient. The promising results of AI in the early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy have opened the frontiers for management of other complications as well. Although flash glucose monitoring (FGMs) and continuous glucose monitoring(CGMs) are yet to be used in routine clinical practice but these modalities do hold promise in future for management of diabetes. Automated diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and cardiovascular risk factor monitoring are now possible based on the large retinal fundus imaging datasets with improved sensitivity and specificity. Smart-phones and smart devices do have the potential to bring the monitoring and early diagnosis of complications of diabetes into the patient's domain with the use of applications on their smart devices which will make future management of diabetes as an "e-disease management". AI applications offer greater accuracy, efficiency, ease of use and satisfaction and can complement the management and early identification of complication of diabetes in long run.