Is High Throughput Glycomics Possible?

Abstract

The role of glycosylation and their biological functions whether as free oligosaccharides or glycoconjugates has been made possible by the recent advancements in the analyses of these compounds. The heterogeneity and the large structural diversity have made oligosaccharide analysis significantly more difficult than other biopolymers. The next stage of development is to achieve high throughput analysis. However, the structural elucidation of oligosaccharides remains an extremely difficult task. Recent reports reveal that the diversity of structures in a given biological system is finite and may not be large. It may be possible to create a database of structures that can be used to determine the identity of known compounds. This capability would therefore make high throughput glycomics possible. Achieving this task depends on the proper selection of chemical characteristics to identify the compound. In this presentation, nanoflow liquid chromatography retention times, accurate mass, and tandem MS is used to determine structure with a high degree of certainty. The method is used to determine the biological function of milk oligosaccharides as well as to discover glycan-based biomarkers for diseases.