Challenges to remote emergency decision-making for disasters or homeland security

Abstract

New technology allows information gathering and collaboration across information networks that would be of benefit to emergency response. In a Homeland Security Exercise we compared the utility of fixed and mobile video and high quality still images on remote expert decision making. Sixteen experts situated in 3 countries viewed and evaluated events of the exercise assisted by audio commentary of local knowledge experts. They evaluated the usefulness of black and white (B/W) compared to color images, fixed fast video versus slow video and still images. Technical difficulties interrupted image transmission to one remote site for half the Exercise. However, the images were found useful, color more than B/W, mobile more than fixed. The combination of still images and video was best. Playback of recorded images was especially useful for remote evaluation and decision making. Improved reliability for these imaging technologies could improve shared awareness and remote distributed team collaboration for Homeland Security events.