What Are the Complications of Gastric Banding? How Do I Diagnose and Treat Them in the Emergency Department?

Abstract

Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is a favorable weight loss option for many obese patients due to its quick recovery time and low risk profile compared to other invasive procedures, such as gastric sleeve or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. LAGB is effective in promoting weight loss and mitigating weight-related comorbidities, such as diabetes, hypertension, sleep apnea, and heart failure. However, it does have unique complications that clinicians should be aware of when evaluating the patient with a LAGB. Most patients will present with nonspecific complaints like abdominal pain, distension, reflux, bloating, nausea, or vomiting. The complications from gastric banding can be worked up with upper gastrointestinal imaging series with contrast as well as consultation with a bariatric surgeon. It is important to diagnose these complications as early management can prevent future complications.