Regulatory function of spatial structure on Ujung Pancu area, Aceh

Abstract

Ujung Pancu is on the North coast of Aceh, known as one of three defense areas (Lhee Sagoe) during the Aceh Darussalam Kingdom, in 18-19 centuries guarding against enemy attacks from the sea, and the role of Hamzah Fansury in the 16-17 centuries. This area has destroyed when the tsunami disaster, causing some traces of the old city to be relatively lost but still can be traced. This paper aims to reconstruct and discuss the concept of Ujung Pancu spatial structure, especially Lam PageuVillage in the 18th century. It also will examine the approximate architecture of the Hamzah Fansury cultural site. This paper is considered essential as a historical study to bring back the experience of cultural sites as national personality assets under the UNESCO concept and has the opportunity to be a religious cultural tourism destination around Banda Aceh City, as well as being a location for religious relaxation in the face of the Covid 19 outbreak. This study uses exploration by exploring the potential of the natural environment and reconstructing the regional spatial organization system and spatial patterns. The results show that a) The area organizing system is very considerate of the coastal-bay-hills ecological aspect, with the orientation of the area towards the sea in the North-East, with the hills as natural fortresses in the West-Southern part, the three main spots are important areas with the system integrated location of each other; b) 3 important spots, namely: 1). the location of the cleric Hamzah Fansury's hermitage on the hills, it is estimated that it also functions as a "reconnaissance"place; 2) Footprints of the harbor fort on the beach are inundated, 3) Coastal residential areas that are still ongoing today. The conclusion of the study, the regional spatial management system shows a spatial hierarchy based on security zones, the closer to the mountain the more private, and the closer to the beach the more common (profane). There is a synergy between the need to maintain regional space and natural character.