A study on the implementation of a circular economy in municipal solid waste management in the new capital city of Indonesia

Abstract

The new capital city of Indonesia is designed with the concept of a smart and sustainable city where waste management will implement a smart trash system with the concept of a circular economy. The key performance indicator (KPI) for waste management are 60% recycled and net zero emission. The waste management system is based on a projected population of 276,125 people in 2045 with a waste generation rate of 0.7 kg/cap/day. In this study, the calculation of KPI fulfillment was carried out in two scenarios. In the first scenario, 31 tpd of inorganic waste will be recycled, while 32 tpd of waste and 15 tpd of sludge will be processed in a waste-to-energy (WtE) incinerator. The second scenario is if the recycling ecosystem has not been established, the combustible waste will be burned in the WtE incinerator while the incombustible waste will be landfilled. WtE incinerator with a capacity of 2x50 tpd with an electrical output of 2x250 kW will recycle waste into energy. The global warming potential of both scenarios is negative, which means there is a net zero emission. Based on this study, both scenarios can meet KPI and have the potential to implement a circular economy.