Effect of Integrin β2 Subunit Truncations on LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) and Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) Assembly, Surface Expression, and Function

Abstract

LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) and Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) are members of the β2 integrins involved in leukocyte function during immune and inflammatory responses. We aimed to determine a minimized β2 subunit that forms functional LFA-1 and Mac-1. Using a series of truncated β2 variants, we showed that the subregion Q23-D300 of the β2 subunit is sufficient to combine with the αL and αM subunits intracellularly. However, only the β2 variants terminating after Q444 promote cell surface expression of LFA-1 and Mac-1. Thus, the major cysteine-rich region and the three highly conserved cysteine residues at positions 445, 447, and 449 of the β2 subunit are not required for LFA-1 and Mac-1 surface expression. The surface-expressed LFA-1 variants are constitutively active with respect to ICAM-1 adhesion and these variants express the activation reporter epitope of the mAb 24. In contrast, surface-expressed Mac-1, both the wild type and variants, require 0.5 mM MnCl2 for adhesion to denatured BSA. These results suggest that the role of the β2 subunit in LFA-1- and Mac-1-mediated adhesion may be different.