Citrus bergamia Risso elevates intracellular Ca2+ in human vascular endothelial cells due to release of Ca2+ from primary intracellular stores

Abstract

The purpose of the present study is to examine the effects of essential oil of Citrus bergamia Risso (bergamot, BEO) on intracellular Ca2+ in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Fura-2 fluorescence was used to examine changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration [ Ca 2 + ] i. In the presence of extracellular Ca2+, BEO increased [ Ca 2 + ] i, which was partially inhibited by a nonselective Ca2+ channel blocker La 3+. In Ca2+-free extracellular solutions, BEO increased [ Ca 2 + ] i in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting that BEO mobilizes intracellular Ca2+. BEO-induced [ Ca 2 + ] i increase was partially inhibited by a Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release inhibitor dantrolene, a phospholipase C inhibitor U73122, and an inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3)-gated Ca2+ channel blocker, 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borane (2-APB). BEO also increased [ Ca 2 + ] i in the presence of carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, an inhibitor of mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. In addition, store-operated Ca 2+ entry (SOC) was potentiated by BEO. These results suggest that BEO mobilizes Ca2+ from primary intracellular stores via Ca 2+-induced and IP3-mediated Ca2+ release and affect promotion of Ca2+ influx, likely via an SOC mechanism. © 2013 Purum Kang et al.