Final Income Tax for Small Entrepreneurs in Indonesia and its Relation to the Principles of Tax Justice

  • Arsalna H
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Abstract

Abstrak Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 23 Tahun 2018 menjadi sebuah peraturan yang menetapkan pajak penghasilan Final 0,5% khususnya bagi pengusaha kecil yang menimbulkan pro dan kontra dalam pelaksanaannya. Melalui PP inilah di dalamnya memberikan beberapa aturan mengenai dasar pengenaan pajak dan siapa saja pihak-pihak yang dapat dikenakan pajak penghasilan Final. PP ini menurunkan tarif pajak dari peraturan yang sebelumnya untuk memberikan keringanan dan kemudahan beban pajak bagi para pengusaha kecil di Indonesia. Pemerintah mengingat bahwa usaha kecil menjadi salah satu pendongkrak ekonomi suatu negara tetapi minim perhatian dan fasilitas. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode normatif dengan menganalisa mengenai prinsip keadilan yang terkandung di dalam PP 23/2018 yang menurut pemerintah akan berpihak kepada pengusaha kecil. Mengingat sektor usaha kecil sendiri memiliki modal yang kecil dan akses yang terbatas, tetapi diwajibkan untuk membayar pajak kepada pemerintah. Hasil dari adanya penelitian ini yaitu bahwa secara normatif, PP 23/2018 sudah memberikan keadilan bagi para pengusaha kecil sedangkan yang terjadi di lapangan ternyata adalah hal yang sebaliknya. Selain itu, dengan melihat dari beberapa penelitian yang sudah dilakukan sebelumnya, bahwa terdapat hambatan yang dialami oleh para pengusaha kecil yaitu salah satunya kurangnya kemampuan dalam hal pencatatan keuangan. Maka melalui PP 23/2018 inilah bentuk fasilitas pemerintah untuk memberikan support terhadap para pengusaha kecil untuk mengembangkan usahanya. Kata kunci: pajak penghasilan final; prinsip keadilan; pengusaha kecil Abstract Government Regulation Number 23 of 2018 has been issued to stipulate Final Income Tax at the rate of 0.5%, particularly for small entrepreneurs, which mostly leads to pros and cons. This Government Regulation states several rules regarding the basis of taxation and the parties that should be subject to Final Income Tax. It also reduces the tax rate from the previous regulation to provide tax relief and convenience for small entrepreneurs in Indonesia. Small enterprises have been perceived as being able to improve the economic level of a country, but they are still less likely to be noticed and facilitated. This research was conducted by using a normative method because it is time to analyze the principles of tax fairness contained in Government Regulation No. 23/2018, which are regarded to favor small entrepreneurs by the government. Major constraints faced by small entrepreneurs that affect their growth are lack of capital and limited access to financial services. However, they are still required to pay taxes to the government. The results of this research indicated that the principles of tax fairness for small entrepreneurs that have been normatively stated in Government Regulation No. 23/2018 were not truly implemented in practice. Small entrepreneurs were more likely to face constraints, including the lack of ability in financial records, referring to some previous research. Hence, the government seeks to provide facilities and support for small enterprises' development through the stipulation of Government Regulation No. 23/2018. Keywords: final income tax; principles of tax fairness; small entrepreneurs

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APA

Arsalna, H. A. (2023). Final Income Tax for Small Entrepreneurs in Indonesia and its Relation to the Principles of Tax Justice. Jurnal Hukum Bisnis Bonum Commune, 11–20. https://doi.org/10.30996/jhbbc.v6i1.7202

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