Sex pheromone of Grapholita dimorpha Komai (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and its utilization for monitoring

Abstract

Eight compounds (i.e., n-dodecyl acetate, (E)-8-dodecenyl acetate (E8-12:Ac), (Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate (Z8-12:Ac), ndodecanol, (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol, n-tetradecyl acetate, (E)-8-tetradecenyl acetate and (Z)-8-tetradecenyl acetate) were detected in extracts of the sex pheromone gland of individual female Grapholita dimorpha at the time of mating. The average ratio of E8- to Z8-12:Ac was 15:85. Field trap tests suggested that the two compounds were essential for male attraction, and the ratio of 15:85 was the most effective blend in the range of 40:60 to 5:95. The other six compounds found in the sex pheromone glands were not observed to be either synergistic or inhibitory. Seasonal monitoring using a lure impregnated with E8-12:Ac (150 μg) and Z8-12:Ac (850 μg) revealed that G. dimorpha had four generations in Yamanashi. These results suggest that the lure is a useful tool for monitoring G. dimorpha.