The contribution of forensic examination to ensuring the right to a fair trial within ecthr case law

Abstract

In this note, the authors study legal and procedural cases of the application of forensic research in the observance of the common European procedural guarantee ensuring the balance of justice during a trial: Art. 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights (right to a fair trial). Based on the current legislation of the European Union and Ukraine, peculiarities of legal regulation and application of forensic expert research during court proceedings are analysed. It is emphasised that established the approaches and practice of applying specific expertise in the countries of the European Union have some peculiarities. It is established that one of the ways to ensure the fairness of a court decision is using forensic science. While comparing the legal framework for providing justice in Ukraine and the European Union, the authors stressed the need to develop a separate policy guideline (strategy, concept, etc.), such as the Vision for European Forensic Science Area used in EU countries. Detailed analysis of the ECtHR case-law on the application of Art. 6 has made it possible to illustrate the specifics of applying forensic science by complying with the fair trial requirement. It is concluded that the adoption of a fair court decision becomes possible when: 1) the practice of law enforcement and legal provisions related to the dispute context are taken into account; 2) the circumstances of the case are established with the use of content and reference to evidence; 3) non-legal phenomena are taken into account, such as ethical, social, moral requirements accepted in society, etc.