A Structured Diary Methodology for the Study of Daily Events

Abstract

In this chapter we consider the use of structured diaries for the study of daily events. Consistent with the book's theme, we draw heavily upon our own experiences in conducting research on daily events using the diary methodology. Particular attention is paid to the utility of the diary approach when the central research question concerns itself with the study of naturally occurring change. It is in cases in which the focus is on examining change, especially across relatively brief periods of time, that the structured diary approach is most useful, and perhaps essential. Without it, we suggest, research findings tend to suffer from serious limitations owing to a lack of ecological validity. We also address methodological and procedural issues of practical concern in using structured diaries as research instruments. We offer suggestions for improving the quality of data obtained using this methodology, and draw attention to some of the special issues involved in the collection of diary data. First, however, we describe briefly what we mean by a structured diary, and then identify the main areas of research within the social sciences that have used the approach. The term "structured diary" generally refers to a booklet that contains a series of identical self-report questionnaires, typically at least one for each day of the week. Each questionnaire, or segment of the diary, covers events or experi