The management of acute lower respiratory tract infection in adults in primary care

Abstract

Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is common, usually causing self-limiting episodes of Ul health, but occasionally resulting in serious illness and mortality - particularly in the elderly and those with chronic illnesses. Antibiotics are frequently prescribed, possibly inappropriately in many cases, and there is a high level of patient expectation for antibiotic prescription. General practitoners (GPs) have been criticised for over-prescribing antibotics, and there is concern over the emergence of antimicrobial resistance in common pathogens. The precise benefits and risks to the individual and to the community are poorly defined due to an inadequate and conflicting evidence base. Careful clinical examination can identify those most seriously ill. The therapeutic decision-making process is complex and straddles the interface between doctor and patient, GP and specialist, clinician and microbioligist.