Physical capacities and their relation with memory, mathematical calculation, linguistic reasoning, and creativity in adolescents

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to analyze the association of the level of physical fitness with variables of cognitive performance such as memory, mathematical calculation, speed of linguistic reasoning, and creativity. The sample consisted of 163 adolescents (78 girls and 85 boys) aged 13.9 ± 1.4 years old. Memory was evaluated through an own adaptation based on the RIAS test. Ad hoc tests were used for mathematical calculation and linguistic reasoning, and the CREA test for creativity. The analyses showed that youth's cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with better levels of memory (p =,027), mathematical calculation (p =,035), linguistic reasoning (p =,014), and creativity (p =,005) regardless of age, sex, and body mass index. However, better levels of speed-agility, strength, and flexibility were not related with improvements in any of the dependent variables analyzed (all p >,05). Cardiorespiratory fitness is the physical fitness component with the highest relation with cognitive abilities in youngsters. We suggest the implementation of specific programs aimed at increasing cardiorespiratory fitness levels through Physical Education, especially employing systematic physical activity practices during the extracurricular period.