University of the Third Age: the impact of continuing education on the quality of life of the elderly

  • Adamo C
  • Esper M
  • Bastos G
  • et al.
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Abstract

Abstract Objective: To verify, among elderly participants of the University of the Third Age (UnATI) of PUC Goiás, Goiania, Brazil, whether quality of life was higher or lower among veteran or first-year participants of the UnATI, and to evaluate if there was a statistically significant difference between the quality of life of men and women or first-years and veterans. Method: An observational case-control study with a quantitative approach was performed with 100 elderly individuals from the UnATI. Fifty first-years and fifty veterans were involved. Two questionnaires were applied, one with sociodemographic data and the other using the World Health Organization Quality of Life - Old (WHOQOL-OLD) scale, which evaluates the quality of life of the elderly. Variance analysis (ANOVA) and multivariate variance analysis (MANOVA) were performed, with p≤0.05 applied to the relevant statistics. Result: The vast majority of the sample were women (90%), aged between 60 and 86 years old (average of 68.37±5.28 years old). The overall quality of life score was 3.68±0.50 (first-years) and 3.87±0.55 (veterans). There was a statistically significant difference in the areas: sensory functioning (veterans =4.28±0.65 and first-years =3.95±0.80) (p=0.025) and past, present and future activity (veterans =4.0±0.72 and first-years =3.59±0.79) (p=0.008). Multivariate variance analysis identified that the overall quality of life scores of both men (veterans =3.15 and first-years =4.21) and women (veterans =3.78 and first-years =3.86), were highest after they became veteran students (p=0.007). Conclusion: Veterans had a higher quality of life than first-years. The continuing education provided by UnATI has a positive impact on the quality of life of the elderly.Resumo Objetivo: Verificar, em idosos da Universidade Aberta para Terceira Idade (UnATI) da PUC Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil, se a qualidade de vida é maior ou menor entre os veteranos participantes da UnATI e calouros, e avaliar se existe diferença estatística significativa entre homens e mulheres, calouros e veteranos na obtenção da qualidade de vida. Método: Estudo observacional de caso-controle com abordagem quantitativa realizado com 100 idosos da UnATI. Foram pesquisados 50 calouros e 50 veteranos e aplicados dois questionários, sendo um com dados sociodemográficos e o outro o World Health Organization Quality of Life - Old (WHOQOL-OLD) que avalia a qualidade de vida em idosos. Foram feitas análises descritivas (porcentagem, média e desvio-padrão), de variância (ANOVA) e multivariada de variância (MANOVA), aplicando-se p≤0,05 para os dados estatisticamente significantes. Resultados: A maioria dos idosos era do sexo feminino (90%), com idade entre 60 e 86 (média de 68,37±5,28) anos. A qualidade de vida total apresentou score de 3,68±0,50 (calouros) e 3,87±0,55 (veteranos). Houve diferença estatística significativa nos domínios: funcionamento do sensório (veteranos =4,28±0,65 e calouros =3,95±0,80) (p=0,025); atividade passada, presente e futura (veteranos =4,0±0,72 e calouros =3,59±0,79) (p=0,008). A análise multivariada da variância identificou que a qualidade de vida total, tanto nos participantes do sexo masculino (calouros =3,15 e veteranos =4,21) quanto nos do sexo feminino (calouras =3,78 e veteranas =3,86), alcançou scores mais altos depois que se tornaram alunos veteranos (p=0,007). Conclusão: Os alunos veteranos apresentaram uma maior qualidade de vida do que os novos alunos ingressantes. A educação continuada proporcionada pela UnATI tem um impacto positivo na qualidade de vida dos idosos.

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Adamo, C. E., Esper, M. T., Bastos, G. C. F. C., Sousa, I. F. de, & Almeida, R. J. de. (2017). University of the Third Age: the impact of continuing education on the quality of life of the elderly. Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia, 20(4), 545–555. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562017020.160192

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