Automation of Railroad Construction Technology Using Surveying Methods

Abstract

The paper describes the methods of geodetic support of railways during the automation of technological construction processes, which can reduce the cost of work, including geodetic location survey, the creation of a reference geodetic network, operational control, as-built surveys, etc. Peculiarities and specifics of solving engineering problems on railways are considered. The principle of operation and the design of the computer-aided design system ACS-3D, which provides geodetic data for calculating the spatial position of the working bodies of construction equipment, including coordinates, spatial orientation, and geometric parameters, are given. The structure and formats of digital projects are considered as an integral part of the automation of setting the track to the design position, including the spatial position of the track axis in the project coordinate system, geometric parameters, including the track clearance and design data. The specificity of railways in the creation of digital projects is given. The experience of using ACS-3D on the basis of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) during the overhaul and reconstruction of the West Siberian Railway and the Trans-Baikal Railway is considered. The advantages of using geodetic methods for automating technological construction processes on railways are shown. The existing methods of setting the railway track in the design position are analyzed, their advantages and disadvantages are noted. The prospects for the use of integrated systems based on GNSS and WIN ALC are substantiated, which allow minimizing costs while solving the problems at different stages of repair.