Research integrity: Perspectives from Austria and Canada

Abstract

This chapter explores the conceptual approaches to research integrity in Austria and Canada, and the governance structures that support those approaches. In Austria, research integrity is synonymous with good scientific practice. Universities and other research institutions publish their own definitions, which vary in content, clarity and binding force. The Austrian Agency for Research Integrity, the main body responsible for promoting research integrity, is an independent association of research-related organizations. The Agency’s Commission on Research Integrity conducts independent investigations of alleged research misconduct. The Agency is now creating a set of national guidelines for research integrity, and offers educational workshops and seminars to foster a critical approach to research. Training in good scientific practice is almost unavailable at Austrian universities. In contrast, research integrity in Canada is defined to be one part of responsible conduct of research, encompassing all aspects of research from funding applications to dissemination of results. The main guidance document is the Tri Agency Framework: Responsible Conduct of Research, developed by Canada’s three main research funding agencies. They also established a Secretariat and Panel on Responsible Conduct of Research to interpret the RCR Framework and advise the agency Presidents of appropriate recourse in cases of breach. Investigations are conducted by academic institutions. Researchers, institutions and the funding agencies share responsibility for responsible conduct of research