Rubus idaeus L inhibits invasion potential of human A549 lung cancer cells by suppression epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and akt pathway in vitro and reduces tumor growth in vivo

Abstract

The metastasis of lung cancer is the most prevalent cause of patient death. Various treatment strategies have targeted the prevention of the occurrence of metastasis. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung cancer cells is considered a prerequisite to acquire the invasive/migratory phenotype and to subsequently achieve metastasis. However, the effects of Rubus idaeus on cancer invasion and the EMT of the human lung carcinoma remain unclear. In this article, we test the hypothesis that R idaeus ethyl acetate (RIAE) possesses an antimetastatic effect and reverses the EMT potential of human lung A549 cells. We extract the raspberry R idaeus with methanol (RIME), chloroform (RICE), ethyl acetate (RIAE), n-butanol (RIBE), and water (RIWE). The RIAE treatment obviously inhibits the invasive (P