Spiritual Intelligence

Abstract

S tandardised tests to measure intelligence quotient (IQ) have been an accepted way of measuring cogni-tive ability for many decades. However, emotional intelligence is now being discussed and researched in a number of disciplines because of its perceived usefulness to leadership and management, and to the health caring professions. In addition, the term spiritual intelligence is also being explored in the literature. I believe the advanced skills, knowledge and attitudes required to nurse in a culturally safe way should be valued as another form of intelligence, cultural intelligence. Emotional intelligence Emotional intelligence (EI) is a type of social intelligence quite separate from IQ. 1,2,3 Psychology, neuropsychology and health-care authors agree that EI includes an ability to recognise your own emotions and the emotions of others, to express emotions effectively, to manage felt emotions and to perceive how your expressed emotions may affect others. In practical terms, this means being able to manage relationships, make complex decisions, motivate self and others in social interactions through goal-setting, to handle stress, be optimistic and a good listener, and to be empathetic and self-aware. 4,5 Being able to self-manage and be self aware while working in an organisation are also cited as EI skills. 6 Clearly, these skills have resonance for nursing. 7 Although IQ may have validity when predicting work success, and occupational or career-path choices, EI is better at predicting who becomes a "star performer" within a group of leaders. 8 No authors suggest IQ is unimportant, or that it should be ignored at the expense of other types of intelligence. But most point out that it is understanding, communicating well, and getting along with people that is important in the caring professions, and that these are the skills associated with EI and the emotional competencies that emerge from EI. 5