What's In A Name? Malay Seals As Onomastic Sources

  • Gallop A
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Abstract

Most studies of Malay names to date have been based on ethnographic and literary sources. This article presents a new dataset for Malay onomastics, namely Islamic seals from Southeast Asia, inscribed in Arabic script and dating from the late 16th to early 20th century, over half of which bear a personal name. A high proportion of these seals are of sovereigns, and Malay seals are thus an exceptionally valuable primary source for regnal names. Yet while in Malay texts and chronicles the use of personal names is generally avoided in favour of kinship terms, relational names, titles and descriptive epithets, Malay seals are almost invariably inscribed with standard Arabic-Islamic personal names. This feature should be interpreted in the context of the image of self which the sealholder wished to project to the outside world, in which his or her Islamic identity, and membership of the universal ummah, was of prime importance. Keywords: Malay names, onomastic, Malay seals, regnal names, Islamic names Abstrak Kebanyakan kajian tentang nama Melayu setakat ini berdasarkan sumber daripada bidang etnografi atau bidang persuratan. Makalah ini mempersembahkan sumber baharu untuk kajian onomastik Melayu, iaitu cap mohor Islam dari Asia Tenggara yang ditulis dalam tulisan Arab, pada abad ke-16 hingga ke-20. Hampir separuh cap mohor tersebut mencatatkan nama perseorangan. Kebanyakannya milik sultan dan raja, dan cap mohor Melayu menjadi sumber yang amat berharga untuk nama pemerintah. Dalam hikayat dan riwayat Melayu, penggunaan nama perseorangan biasanya dielakkan, sedangkan yang digunakan ialah nama yang menjelaskan hubungan kekeluargaan, nama persaudaraan, pangkat, dan nama timang- timangan, tetapi cap mohor Melayu pula sentiasa ditulis dengan nama perseorangan Arab-Islam. Ciri ini diinterpretasikan dalam konteks imej diri yang ingin ditampilkan oleh pemilik cap mohor kepada dunia, sebagai ahli umat Islam, yang merupakan ciri utama identitinya Kata kunci: nama Melayu, onomastik, cap mohor Melayu, nama pemerintah, nama Islam

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APA

Gallop, A. T. (2018). What’s In A Name? Malay Seals As Onomastic Sources. Malay Literature, 31(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.37052/ml.31(1)no1

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