Long non-coding RNA GAS5 regulates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury through the PI3K/AKT apoptosis pathway by sponging miR-532-5p

Abstract

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been revealed to have a marked effect in cardiovascular diseases, including during cardiac development, cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis and myocardial ischemic injury. The mechanism of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is very complicated. Although studies have confirmed that lncRNAs are involved, the specific mechanism remains largely unknown. The lncRNA growth arrest specific 5 (GAS5) is known as a regulator of a number of diseases, including certain cancer types. The present study aimed to investigate the function of lncRNA GAS5 in MIRI. The present study reported that the expression of lncRNA GAS5 in H9c2 cells treated with anoxia and reoxygenation was significantly upregulated compared with the control group (P<0.05). Similarly, the expression of lncRNA GAS5 in myocardial tissue obtained from rats treated with MIRI was significantly upregulated compared with the untreated controls (P<0.05). Silencing of lncRNA GAS5 was able to attenuate myocardial damage, as cell viability increased and the apoptosis rate decreased. Classical apoptotic proteins involved in MIRI, including B.cell lymphoma 2, Bcl-2-associated X protein and cleaved caspase-3, also exhibited the same trend. At the same time, when lncRNA GAS5 was silenced, microRNA (miR)-532-5p, which was originally expressed at the stage of injury, was upregulated. The luciferase reporter assay results indicated that the lncRNA GAS5 functioned as a molecular sponge of miR-532-5p. The gain- and loss-of-function analysis of miR-532-5p indicated that it was involved in the regulation of MIRI; the trend of results following its overexpression was also consistent with the trend observed following the silencing of lncRNA GAS5. Notably, the protective effect of lncRNA GAS5 silencing on cells was attenuated by miR-532-5p inhibition. Phosphatase and tensin homolog was revealed to be a key target gene for the function of lncRNA GAS5, and its regulation was achieved via binding to miR-532-5p. In other words, silencing lncRNA GAS5 ultimately promoted the activation of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B pathway (AKT) to reduce myocardial damage. Therefore, lncRNA GAS5 was able to regulate MIRI through the PI3K/AKT apoptosis pathway by sponging miR-532-5p.