Pilot Study Evaluating the Feasibility of Comparing Computer Game Play with Close Work During Occlusion in Children Aged 2–7 Years with Amblyopia

Abstract

Background/Aims: Computer games have been used to stimulate vision in amblyopia with varying degrees of success. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial to test the effectiveness of computer game play compared to close work during occlusion treatment in children. Method: Children aged 2–7 years with amblyopia and no prior amblyopia treatment were invited to participate. Participants were randomised to a computer game group or close work group and asked to complete two hours occlusion per day, incorporating one hour of their allocated activity. LogMAR visual acuity (VA) was assessed before treatment commenced and after 7(±1) weeks. The same examiner, who was unaware of the allocated treatment, assessed the participant using the same VA test. Results: Eighteen participants (mean age of 4.2±1.3 years) completed the study. After seven weeks the mean VA of the amblyopic eye in the computer game group improved by 0.147±0.182 logMAR, and in the close work group improved by 0.181±0.124 logMAR. The difference in VA improvement between the computer game and the close work groups was not statistically significant (F(1,32)=3.71; p=0.06). Conclusion: No significant difference was found in visual outcomes between the two groups, but a larger sample size would be needed to draw conclusions regarding the amblyopic population. Evaluation of the study design suggests it would be feasible to conduct a randomised controlled trial comparing computer games and close work during occlusion to determine if a significant difference in visual outcome exists.