Mesentery, omentum, peritoneum: Inflammatory, infectious diseases and pseudo lesions

Abstract

Peritoneum with its two main components of visceral and parietal is considered to be the largest and the most complexly arranged serous membrane in the body. The space between the parietal peritoneum lining the abdominal wall and the visceral peritoneum enveloping the solid and hollow abdominal organs is called peritoneal cavity. It consists of the greater sac, and the omental bursa or lesser sac situated behind the stomach. Fluid dynamics, respiratory motion, gravity, and anatomic barriers dictate direct spread of disease processes within the peritoneal cavity and their appearance on cross-sectional imaging (Shirkhoda and Leyendecker 2011).