Effectiveness of motivational interviewing in patients with dyslipidemia: A randomized cluster trial

Abstract

Background: It is known that making people change their habits is challenging. It is crucial to identify the most effective approach that general practitioners (GPS) should use to help their patients change unhealthy habits. The objective this study was to assess the efficacy of a multifactorial intervention based on Motivational Interviewing performed by general practitioners to enhance lipid levels in patients with dyslipidemia, as compared to standard care. Methods: A multicenter, controlled, randomized, cluster, two-parallel arm trial with a 12-month follow-up conducted in 25 community health centers of the Spanish. 38 GPS and 227 primary care patients with uncontrolled dyslipidemia were included in the trial. GPS performed an intervention based either on Motivational Interviewing (MI) or standard practice. Lipid levels were measured, and the control degree was analyzed based on the criteria of clinical guidelines. Results: 107 were assigned to the Experimental Group (EG) and 120 to the Control Group (CG). An overall improvement was achieved in total cholesterol levels (Mean Difference -MD-∈=∈-19.60; 95 % CI: -15.33 at -23.87 mg/dl; p∈ <200 mg/dl and LDL-cholesterol∈