Distribution, characteristics and economic importance of mangrove forests in Iran

Abstract

Mangrove forests of southern Iran are located in the earth's sub-tropical zone. The trees species composition of these forests is limited to only Hara (Avicennia marina) and Chandal (Rhizophora mucronata). There are not considerable differences in terms of vertical structure of mangrove forests; however, the tree density is reduced from east to west in southern Iran. The forests are located at estuaries which can receive fresh water in the rainy season. Those forests can play an eco-socio-environmental role in local society. In addition, the biodiversity conservation, carbon sequestration and other non-wood products are some aspects which can improve the importance of mangrove forests. The results provide some clear characteristics of mangrove habitat even though we considered some limiting and threatening factors of mangrove forests. According to those points we suggested a guideline for improvement of mangrove forests in southern Iran.