Open-label study of cognitive behavioural therapy for individuals with at-risk mental state: Feasibility in the Japanese clinical setting

Abstract

Aim: To date, most cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) trials for individuals with at-risk metal state (ARMS) have been conducted in few Western countries and its feasibility in other regions, including Japan, has not been established. Methods: We designed an open-label pilot study. Fourteen ARMS participants received CBT over 6 months and were followed-up for 6 months. Results: Thirteen individuals completed the CBT intervention and assessments. The mean total score on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale improved from 60.2 to 46.0 after the intervention (Cohen's d = 1.1). The effects were maintained at the follow-up assessment. One participant transitioned to psychosis after the CBT intervention, and was the only patient who received antipsychotics. Conclusions: We confirmed the feasibility of the provision of CBT for ARMS in Japan. Since overprescription of antipsychotics is a matter of great concern in Japan, CBT could be a valuable alternative treatment strategy.