Increased body mass index in parent-child dyads predicts the offspring risk of meeting bariatric surgery criteria

Abstract

Context: Obesity in children is a major public health concern. Objective: This study examined the value of using parent-child dyads' adiposity status for predicting the individual's later eligibility for bariatric surgery (EBS). Design, Setting, and Participants: The cohort consisted of 2647 individuals from the longitudinal Cardiovascular Risk inYoungFinns Study. Baseline information includedownandparentalbodymassindex (BMI) in 1980 (children aged 3-18 years), whereas adult follow-up assessment examined EBS 21-31 years later. Main Outcome Measure: EBS in adulthood was defined as: 1) BMI greater than 40 kg/m2 or 2) BMI greater than 35 kg/m2 with at least one of the following metabolic complications: type 2 diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia. Results: Addition of parents' BMI improved the prediction of adulthood EBS compared to the model including child's BMI, age, and sex (area under the curve values [95% confidence interval] (0.80 [0.74-0.85] vs 0.74 [0.68-0.81], P = .003). Obese children with an obese parent had a 21.2% chance of being EBS in adulthood. Compared to nonobese families, the risk ratio for EBS was 14.2 (95% confidence interval 8.0-25.2, P < .001) in obese children with an obese parent. The absolute risk of EBS was 30.9% if both child and parent were obese on more than one childhood assessment compared to 15.2% if they were obese only once, or 2.1% if they were never obese (P = .05). Conclusions: These longitudinal data show that a combination of the child's and parents' BMI at baseline assessment is a useful predictive tool for assessing later EBS, and highlights the importance of accounting for parental BMI in the assessment of child obesity.