Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 activity in subchondral bone modifies a subtype of osteoarthritis

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Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) causes the destruction of joints. Its pathogenesis is still under investigation, and there is no effective disease-modifying therapy. Here, we report that elevated cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in the osteocytes of subchondral bone causes both spontaneous OA and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The knockout of COX-2 in osteocytes or treatment with a COX-2 inhibitor effectively rescues the structure of subchondral bone and attenuates cartilage degeneration in spontaneous OA (STR/Ort) mice and tumor necrosis factor-α transgenic RA mice. Thus, elevated COX-2 expression in subchondral bone induces both OA-associated and RA-associated joint cartilage degeneration. The inhibition of COX-2 expression can potentially modify joint destruction in patients with arthritis.

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Tu, M., Yang, M., Yu, N., Zhen, G., Wan, M., Liu, W., … Cao, X. (2019). Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 activity in subchondral bone modifies a subtype of osteoarthritis. Bone Research, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41413-019-0071-x

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