Formicidae Associated with the Tuliptree Scale

Abstract

Several species of ants have been observed associated with the tuliptree scale Toumeyella liriodendri (Gmelin), although there is no record of it in the literature. The scale is one of the few important insects attacking the tuliptree (Liriodendron tulipifera L.), which is a valuable forest hardwood in the Central States area. Herrick (1935) lists 7 species and Craighead (1950) lists 16 species of insects attacking tuliptree in various degrees. (This article was written and prepared by U.S. Government employee(s) on official time, and is therefore in the public domain.)