The Kochen-Specker Theorem Based on the Kronecker Delta

Abstract

We propose the Kochen-Specker theorem that relies on the properties of the Kronecker delta. We introduce the following value ∑l=1mrl(〈σz〉)=0. The notation r l (〈σ z 〉) means the lth “hidden” outcome of quantum measurements when we would measure the expected value 〈σ z 〉 = 0 in a thoughtful experiment. Surprisingly, we cannot define the value as zero when we accept the Kronecker delta. We cannot determine the “hidden” results for the expected value.