Beneficial Effects of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni and Steviol-Related Compounds on Health

Abstract

Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) extracts and/or leaves have gained almost worldwide approval as a low-calorie sweetener. This fact has stimulated the research on potential additional functionalities of stevia as food additives and possible beneficial effects on health. The chapter analyzes the abundant evidence related to the potential effects of stevia in diabetes, cancer, and hypertension, among others. It also discusses, on the basis of the biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic knowledge on stevia and its glycosides, possible causes of the majorly disappointing results obtained at clinical studies when examining their effects in humans. Finally, the use of steviol and related compounds as starting points for drug discovery campaigns is overviewed.