Factores sociodemográficos y psicológicos asociados al autocuidado y la calidad de vida en adultos mexicanos con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to identify sociodemographic and psychological variables related to self-care and quality of life in Mexican adults with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. A cross-sectional design was used in a sample of 60 people (93% women) aged between 36 and 66 years (M = 54.3, SD = 4.71) attached to the public health system in San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Self-care, self-efficacy, knowledge about diabetes, anxiety, depression and quality of life were measured using the EECAC, EAG, DKQ-24, AMAS, BDI-II and SF-36 scales. For data processing, a linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the impact of the measured variables on self-care and quality of life. In general, the model explained 33.9% of the variance of self-care through the variables depression (β =-.27) and self-efficacy (β =.74). The 56% variance in quality of life related to physical health was explained by the variables depression (β =-34) and self-care (β =.34). In their mental health component, 43.4% of variance in quality of life was explained through anxiety (β =-.26) and depression (β =-.40). Finally, the positive perception of self-efficacy and health status free from anxiety and depression were determinant factors for self-care and healthrelated quality of life.