Evaluation of Paper-Based Point of Care Screening Test for Sickle Cell Disease

Abstract

The aim of the study is to evaluate the stability and longevity of the paper-based screening test for the sickle cell disease in relation to different temperatures and storage time. Blood stain patterns were interpreted after spotting the blood-buffer mixture (phosphate buffer, saponin and sodium metabisulfite) on chromatographic paper (Whatman no. 3). The stability of the buffer was tested after keeping the buffer at different temperature for 24 h. Longevity of the buffer was tested post storage for various time intervals. Test indicated reproducibility with the buffer stored at 4°C. The 15% metabisulfite buffer was found to be stable up to 180 days at 4°C and showed accurate identification of all genotypes. The tests revealed 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity in identification of HbS. However, the sensitivity of differentiation between sickle cell trait (AS) with disease (SS) was found to be 97.7% with 100% specificity. The paper-based screening test may be used as a method of choice for the screening of sickle cell anemia in community-based screening programs. The low-cost, rapid, and accurate point of care testing tools offer an avenue for effective screening in developing nations.