Optical coherence tomography imaging for evaluating the photobiomodulation effects on tissue regeneration in periodontal tissue

Abstract

Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive method for imaging dental microstructure which has the potential of evaluating the health of periodontal tissue. OCT provides an "optical biopsy" of tissue 2-3 mm in depth. This sixth modality of imaging was pioneered at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. OCT is based on the optical scattering signatures within tissue structure. With the use of a broad spectrum bandwidth light source, high resolution images, up to 10 times the resolution of x-ray, can detect important tissue interfaces within the periodontal sulcus and its' relationship to the attachment apparatus of the tooth. Multiple cross-sectional tomograms can be stacked to create two and three dimensional images. Optical Coherence Tomography has the potential to follow the progression of plaque-induced periodontal disorders that result in the degeneration of connective tissue attachment. This noninvasive imaging can be used by the clinician and researcher to evaluate the effects of photo bio modulation on soft tissue periodontal regeneration. X-rays cannot image soft tissue and therefore cannot identify early active disease or the reversal to health of the periodontal unit. Photo bio modulation effects on the periodontal tissue can be monitored because OCT records soft tissue contour and microstructure, quantifying the soft tissue changes that occur in real time. Soft tissue health is a major area in dentistry where OCT diagnostic imaging will make a significant impact. © Springer Science + Business Media, LLC 2008.