History of Transport Infrastructure Development in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia)

Abstract

The goal of the article consists in discussing the features of the formation of the transport system in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), the modern state of the main sectors of Transport and Communications of the Republic, new risks for their safe operation, arising from global climatic changes. The article considers in detail history of the formation and development of the transport system of Yakutia. More specifically, the following types of transport are discussed: river and sea navigation, aviation, railway transportation, automobile transportation and delivery of natural resources by pipelines. Special attention is paid to such peculiar seasonal logistics systems as winter roads, also referred as ice roads (zimnik's). The author analyzes particular features of the functioning of these roads in the conditions of the North, construction and state of ice crossings and their roles in regional economy. The article emphasizes the need to develop measures for cushioning the negative impact of climatic change on the region's transport infrastructure.