Mitotic catastrophe and p53-dependent senescence induction in T-cell malignancies exposed to nonlethal dosage of GL-V9

Abstract

Mitotic catastrophe of cancer cells induced by drugs is characterized by low dosage and low toxicity, representing a significant advantage in the cancer treatment. Effective therapeutic options are limited for T-cell malignancies patients who are still treated by high-dose multiagent chemotherapy, potentially followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, highlighting the urgency for identification of more effective anti-T-cell malignancies drugs. The use of antineoplastic drugs which induced tumor cell mitotic catastrophe would be a new strategy for cancer therapy. Nevertheless, there is still no effective mitotic catastrophe agent in T-cell malignancies. Our study showed that nonlethal dosage (ND) of GL-V9 (5-hydroxy-8-methoxy-2-phenyl-7-(4-(pyrrolidin-1-yl) butoxy) 4 H-chromen-4-one) (2 µM), a potential anticancer drug, not only attenuated cell growth and survival, but also arrested the cell cycle in G2/M phase and induced multipolar spindles, nuclear alterations (micronucleation and multinucleation), which are the most prominent morphological characteristics of mitotic catastrophe, in T-cell malignancies cell lines including Jurkat, HuT-102, and HuT-78. Moreover, ND GL-V9 could trigger DNA damage, and significantly influence several mitosis-associated proteins. Besides, results showed that ND GL-V9 increased the activity of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) following the induction of mitotic catastrophe in Jurkat and HuT-102 cells with intact p53, while causing apoptosis in p53-deficient HuT-78 cells. We concluded that the anti-T-cell malignancies effects of ND GL-V9 and clarified the precise regulation in the process of mitosis under the action of GL-V9 in T-cell malignancies. Our data provided new evidence for the study of T-cell malignancies treatment associated with mitotic catastrophe and cellular senescence induction.