A Review Study on Solar Still: A Novel Approach of Solar Distillation

Abstract

Water touches each feature of life and access to pure water turns dilemma to clarity. Today, out of 843.2 million humans, every one out of nine, lack access to pure water and about 0.0139% of all water on our planet is potable & easily obtainable as well. While the 97% of water is salty and less than 2% is difficult to obtain. Due to this, about 14.8% of the world population is short of drinkable water. To overcome these problem various techniques were developed like MSFD, MED, RO, freezing, humidification and dehumidification, solar desalination, etc. This review paper discusses the works done so far on solar distillation. The solar-still is a boon in this field of solar desalination that uses natural rain water cycle in its operation and provides the pure water. The basic solar-still is the single-stage solar still whose efficiency lies between 30 and 40%. However, its efficiency can be brought up to 60% with different design and operational modifications.