Uso de hipoglicemiantes orales durante la lactancia

Abstract

Background: Oral hypoglycemic agents are an emergent therapy for the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but there is little information about its use during breastfeeding. Objectives: To review the available evidence regarding the use and safety of oral hypoglycemic agents during breastfeeding. Results: We found 3 studies that described the transfer of metformin to breast milk; there was transfer of metformin to breast milk in all cases. The concentration of metformin in breast milk was 48% of the maternal plasma concentration. The calculated dose for the infants was 0.38% of the maternal weight adjusted dose. The mean concentration of metformin in the infant's plasma was 0.025 mg/L. No adverse effects were reported in the infants, including 6 months of follow-up. Only one study investigated glyburide and breastfeeding, showing no excretion to breast milk. Conclusion: Oral hypoglycemic agents seem to be safe during breastfeeding; however, the available data is scarce. We suggest the use of glyburide over metformin because of its null excretion to breast milk.