Pre- and post-operative Wisconsin card sorting test performance in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy due to hippocampal sclerosis

  • Tisser L
  • Palmini A
  • Paglioli E
  • et al.
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Abstract

Abstract Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy due to hippocampal sclerosis (TLE/HS) have a distinct neuropsychological profile, but there is still debate on whether executive dysfunction is part of this profile and also whether temporal lobe surgery can modify this dysfunction. Objective: To study the presence and reversibility of executive dysfunction in patients with unilateral TLE/HS. Methods: Twenty-five patients with refractory seizures due to TLE/HS underwent presurgical evaluation which included the application of the Wiconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Nineteen were re-evaluated in follow up, at least 6 months after selective amygdalo-hippocampectomy (SAH). Twenty-two control subjects matched for age and education also performed the WCST. Results: Sixteen of the 25 patients (64%) completed fewer than four categories in the WCST whereas only 4 of the 22 controls (18%) did not complete at least four categories (p<0.005). In addition, the performance of the patients involved significantly more perseverative responses and errors compared to controls. The patient group demonstrated significant post-operative improvement in many measures of the WCST following SAH. Conclusions: These findings support the presence of executive dysfunction in patients with TLE/HS and suggest that such dysfunction can be partially reversed by selective resection of epileptogenic mesial temporal structures.Resumo Pacientes com epilepsia de lobo temporal associada à esclerose hipocampal (ELT/EH) têm um perfil neuropsicológico em sua maior parte bem reconhecido, embora discuta-se se manifestações de disfunção executiva acompanham este perfil e se esta disfunção poderia ser modificada por cirurgia da epilepsia de lobo temporal. Objetivo: Estudar a presença e reversibilidade da disfunção executiva em pacientes com ELT/EH unilateral. Métodos: Vinte e cinco pacientes com crises refratárias associadas à ELT/EH foram submetidos à avaliação pré-cirúrgica que incluiu a aplicação do Teste de Seleção de Cartas de Wisconsin (TSCW). Dezenove foram reavaliados um mínimo de 6 meses após amígdalo-hipocampectomia seletiva (AHS). O TSCW foi também aplicado a 22 indivíduos controles pareados por idade e nível educacional. Resultados: Dezesseis dos 25 pacientes (64%) completaram menos de quatro categorias no TSCW, enquanto que apenas 4 dos 22 indivíduos do grupo controle (18%) tiveram este mesmo nível e disfunção (p<0.005). Além disto, a performance dos pacientes aresentava significativamente mais respostas e erros perseverativos do que os controles. Analisados como um grupo, os pacientes apresentaram melhoras significativas em várias medidas do TSCW após AHS. Conclusão: Estes achados apontam para a presença de disfunção executiva em pacientes com ELT/EH e sugerem que esta disfunção pode ser parcialmente revertida pela ressecção seletiva das estruturas temporais mesiais epileptogênicos.

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APA

Tisser, L., Palmini, A., Paglioli, E., Portuguez, M., Azambuja, N., Costa, J. C. da, … Martinez, J. V. (2007). Pre- and post-operative Wisconsin card sorting test performance in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy due to hippocampal sclerosis. Dementia & Neuropsychologia, 1(2), 173–180. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-57642008dn10200010

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