EFEKTIVITAS ASEAN AGREEMENT ON TRANSBOUNDARY HAZE POLLUTION DALAM PENANGGULANGAN PENCEMARAN ASAP LINTAS BATAS DI ASEAN

Abstract

Air pollution caused by haze has become an annual event in Southeast Asia, the cause is a forest fire that occurred almost in every dry season in Sumatra and Kalimantan. Transboundary haze pollution is considered being common to the countries in ASEAN, because the impact caused by smoke pollution is not only plagued the country (Indonesia), but also other ASEAN member countries. Another consequence of this pollution is the emergence of diplomatic tensions between Indonesia as polluter toward other countries that affected by the pollution. To overcome these problems, ASEAN form regulations regarding transboundary haze pollution through the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution (AATHP) which begin effective since 2003 and has been ratified by all members of ASEAN in 2014. This research aimed to analyze the effectiveness of AATHP which regulates the transboundary haze pollution in the ASEAN member countries. This research used normative studies with statute, conseptual and case approach. The results showed that AATHP cannot be effective in its implementation in national law in the countries that ratified the treaty. The ineffectiveness of AATHP in national law is influenced by three factors, there is no clear mechanism for implementing AATHP, the compliance of the parties a low marked by the lack of willingness of the state (the parties) to carry out its obligations under AATHP and third parties by delegation authority to monitor the implementation of AATHP still unformed. Ineffectiveness of AATHP is also demonstrated by the absence of changes in behavior and environmental change for the better after AATHP formed.