Diabetes mellitus and cognitive disorders from the diabetologist's perspective

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is associated with cognitive impairment which may convert to vascular or neurodegenerative dementia. Impairment of cognitive functions affects patients with type 1 and especially type 2 diabetes, with a number of vascular, metabolic and psychosocial factors involved in its development. As hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia also play an important role, important is the correct strategy of diabetes therapy which utilizes a combination of metformin with modern safe antidiabetics (incretin drugs, gliflozins, insulin analogues). It seems that some antidiabetic drugs (metformin, incretin drugs) and nasal form of application of insulin could improve cognition in diabetics.