Optimization of River Sand with Spent Garnet Sand in Concrete Using RSM and R Programming Packages

Abstract

The main ingredients of concrete are derived from natural resources such as cement, sand, and coarse aggregate. Rapid urbanization leads to the high demand for concrete causing depletion of natural deposits of sand. In this study, the optimized quantities of sand with spent garnet sand are compared in Design Expert's Response Surface Method and R Programming's RStudio packages in terms of predicted and actual compressive and flexural strength at 28 days of curing. Optimization of sand with spent garnet sand at various percentages such as 20, 40, 60, and 80 is proposed. The findings revealed that the correlation coefficient (R2) of 28 days compressive strength is 0.976 and 28 days flexural strength is 0.969 in both software. It indicates that both software can effectively predict and optimize.